畜禽和伴侶動(dòng)物中調(diào)節(jié)免疫反應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵營(yíng)養(yǎng)素

發(fā)布單位:天津瑞孚農(nóng)牧科技集團(tuán)有限公司

查看次數(shù)：7198

時(shí)間：2020-03-17
      隨著對(duì)日糧影響免疫系統(tǒng)功能的機(jī)理的深入研究，我們對(duì)如何在短期或者長(zhǎng)期飼喂畜禽、伴侶動(dòng)物（寵物）的想法也隨之改變；但是不同種類的研究深度差異很大。

      有關(guān)日糧如何影響免疫功能的研究揭示了一些必須養(yǎng)分在免疫功能上的作用，比如說(shuō)維生素D、維生素E、Ω-3多不飽和脂肪酸，以及微量元素如鋅，與此同時(shí)，飼料添加劑（如植物提取物和益生菌）也有著潛在的免疫調(diào)節(jié)功能。對(duì)于某些養(yǎng)分來(lái)說(shuō)（如維生素D和Ω-3多不飽和脂肪酸），以高于推薦量的劑量添加可以改善免疫功能、降低炎癥反應(yīng)；對(duì)另一些養(yǎng)分來(lái)說(shuō)（如鋅），超過(guò)推薦量以藥理劑量添加可能會(huì)抑制免疫功能。還需要考慮的另一個(gè)因素是過(guò)度免疫調(diào)節(jié)的可能性，當(dāng)添加劑降低免疫系統(tǒng)的發(fā)炎功能時(shí)，其它重要功能（如清除微生物感染）也可能被降低。免疫調(diào)節(jié)領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)一步研究將加強(qiáng)我們對(duì)于營(yíng)養(yǎng)和日糧在改善畜禽和伴侶動(dòng)物健康中作用的理解。

       本綜述收集了不同物種的一些研究實(shí)例，著重說(shuō)明如何利用營(yíng)養(yǎng)調(diào)節(jié)免疫功能（有意或無(wú)意）。

NUTRITION AND HEALTH: COMPANION ANIMAL APPLICATIONS: Functional nutrition in livestock and companion animals to modulate the immune response

      Advances in the understanding of how the immune system functions in response to diet have altered the way we think about feeding livestock and companion animals on both the short (weeks/months) and long-term (years) timelines; however, depth of research in each of these species varies. Work dedicated to understanding how immune function can be altered with diet has revealed additional functions of required nutrients such as vitamins D and E, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and minerals such as zinc, while feed additives such as phytogenics and probiotics add an additional layer of immunomodulating potential to modern diets. For certain nutrients such as vitamin D or omega-3 PUFA, inclusion above currently recommended levels may optimize immune function and reduce inflammation, while for others such as zinc, additional pharmacological supplementation above requirements may inhibit immune function. Also to consider is the potential to over-immunomodulate, where important functions such as clearance of microbial infections may be reduced when supplementation reduces the inflammatory action of the immune system. Continued work in the area of nutritional immunology will further enhance our understanding of the power of nutrition and diet to improve health in both livestock and companion animals. This review collects examples from several species to highlight the work completed to understand how nutrition can be used to alter immune function, intended or not.

文章來(lái)源：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇
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